炭化压力对沥青成焦组织和形貌的影响

将中间相沥青和普通沥青在不同压力下进行炭化,分析两种沥青在不同压力下的成焦偏光组织和扫描形貌。结果表明,两种沥青炭化后的组织随压力的不同而不同。中间相沥青焦低压时以小域组织为主,高压时以广域组织和流线型组织为主。普通沥青焦在低压时以针状细流线组织为主,高压时以镶嵌型组织和小域组织为主。扫描分析表明,两种沥青炭随炭化压力的增大,气孔逐渐由孔径大小不均的大孔变为孔径较均一的小孔。在相同的炭化压力40MPa下,中间相沥青焦以层片状结构为主,而普通沥青焦以层片状和"葡萄"状结构为主。     

月球地质形貌及其环境概述

文章重点介绍了月球的地质形貌和月球环境.针对在月球上建立生产基地和居住基地,提出了需要重点开展的一些研究工作.     

气液两相环状流射流液膜的破碎与雾化特性实验研究

采用可视化测试技术,针对气液两相环状流射流液膜的变形、破碎与雾化特性开展了实验研究.研究发现,自由发展环状流射流液膜的破碎过程具有周期性和不连续性特征;不同环状流流动条件下,射流液膜在宏观上存在三种不同的破碎模式:爆式破碎、两段式破碎和环膜袋式破碎.基于测试结果,给出了不同破碎模式对应的临界动力学条件;获得了两段式破碎...     

基于Mn3+浓度和形貌控制的高性能LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料

为了改善高电压镍锰酸锂(LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4)材料的电化学性能,提出利用退火热处理过程调控Mn~(3+)含量和材料形貌来制备LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4正极材料。LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4材料的电性能是材料结构、形貌等多因素影响的结果。退火热处理有助于Mn~(3+)氧化成Mn~(4+),实现Mn~(3+)含量调控。退火后材料的空间结构由Fd3m向P4_332转变,且具有微米级多面体形貌,有效提高了循环稳定性和放电平台。研究表明:700℃退火保温15 h合成的材料在20 C下具有118 mAh·g~(-1)放电比容量,循环100次容量保持率提高到92.8%。因此,通过优化Mn~(3+)含量、控制材料形貌可以实现高性能LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_4材料制备。     

掺混长直链烷烃对航空煤油雾化性能影响

将藻基生物航空煤油加工过程的中间产物C13~C18分别与航空煤油按10%比例进行掺混，对掺混燃油的喷雾雾化性能进行了对比研究。结果表明:随掺混直链烷烃碳数增加，对燃油喷雾雾化影响逐渐增大。其中按10%比例掺混直链烷烃C18:雾化锥角最大减幅为5.07%；液滴平均速度最大变化17.6%；索泰尔平均直径最大变化15%；Ohnesorge数和韦伯数随着喷射压力增加而明显变化，会对液滴二次破碎产生影响。总体来说，加入长直链烷烃会对航空煤油的雾化性能产生一定的影响。      

Observation campaign dedicated to 1968-081E fragments identification

This paper proposes a comprehensive approach to associate origins of space objects newly discovered during optical surveys in the geostationary region with spacecraft breakup events. A recent study has shown that twelve breakup events would be occurred in the geostationary region. The proposed approach utilizes orbital debris modeling techniques to effectively conduct prediction, detection, and classification of breakup fragments. Two techniques are applied to get probable results for origin identifications. First, we select an observation point where a high detection rate for one breakup event among others can be expected. Second, we associate detected tracklets, which denotes the signals associated with a physical object, with the prediction results according to their angular velocities. The second technique investigates which breakup event a tracklet would belong to, and its probability by using the k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) algorithm.     

Practical method to identify orbital anomaly as spacecraft breakup in the geostationary region

Identifying spacecraft breakup events is an essential issue for better understanding of the current orbital debris environment. This paper proposes an observation planning approach to identify an orbital anomaly, which appears as a significant discontinuity in archived orbital history, as a spacecraft breakup. The proposed approach is applicable to orbital anomalies in the geostationary region. The proposed approach selects a spacecraft that experienced an orbital anomaly, and then predicts trajectories of possible fragments of the spacecraft at an observation epoch. This paper theoretically demonstrates that observation planning for the possible fragments can be conducted. To do this, long-term behaviors of the possible fragments are evaluated. It is concluded that intersections of their trajectories will converge into several corresponding regions in the celestial sphere even if the breakup epoch is not specified and it has uncertainty of the order of several weeks.     

充气卸荷开关泄漏机理分析

某发射场进行火箭发动机气瓶充气时出现充气卸荷开关关闭后泄漏故障,分解卸荷开关后发现卸荷开关阀芯导向部位存在异常磨损,且阀芯非金属密封面周向密封压痕深度不均匀,结合故障形貌,采用有限元仿真计算压痕深度,对泄漏故障的根本原因进行深入剖析。分析结果表明:卸荷开关阀芯导向部位存在微小原始缺陷,多次动作后在阀芯与壳体导向部位产生粘着磨损,阀芯在壳体导向孔中回位发生偏斜,造成阀芯非金属密封面出现不均匀压痕,最终导致卸荷开关在测试时漏率超标。     

AF1410钢电子束焊接接头组织及性能研究

采用电子束扫描焊和修饰焊工艺对5mm AF1410钢板进行电子束焊接。针对热处理前、后的接头,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、硬度仪等对其组织、硬度及拉伸断口进行分析。结果表明:接头热影响区分为浅腐蚀区和深腐蚀区,分别为单一马氏体(M)、M+少量逆转奥氏体(Ar)组织;焊缝区柱状晶分为重熔区、正火区和回火区,晶内为马氏体,晶界附近为残留奥氏体。热处理后,接头组织、显微硬度与母材趋于一致,抗拉强度也达到了母材98%以上,失效裂纹始于热影响区,呈约60°方向扩展并贯穿整个接头。     

高温合金高速铣削表面形貌及组织研究

为研究高温合金GH4169高速铣削表面完整性,在测量铣削过程中切削力随时间及切削参数变化规律的基础上,分析了高温合金加工表面形貌及微观组织的演化规律.结果表明:在本试验参数范围内,切削力随着切削速度的增加先升高后降低;铣削表面粗糙度随着切削速度增加而下降,随每齿进给量的增加而增加;变质层主要出现在主切削刃形成的切削表面...